School Stuff

Cells

March 1, 2017

Once scientists believed that each cell was just a block, which they called the nucleus.  The word nucleus means core or center.  A cell is made up of lots of parts.  One part is a cell membrane, a cell membrane is a protection that is around the cytoplasm.  The cytoplasm has nutrients in it, that’s why it feels like runny jelly organelles are another thing that help make up a cell.   Each organelle has a special job, the organelle is a part of the cytoplasm and together the two things fill the cell.  Each cell has power plants, and these power plants are called mitochondria.  They give each cell its might and power, they are shaped like beans and have a squiggly line though the center.  Your body digests the food you eat, turning it into smaller nutrients that go to the cell.  The cells break some of those nutrients down into fuel, the fuel is then sent into the mitochondria where it is burned.  Burning the fuel makes energy, the fuel that makes mitochondria is called glucose it is kind of like sugar mixed with water.
All of your cells need energy, some more than others, Lysosomes protect the cells by destroying bacteria.  They also break apart tired, worn out old organelles, and send them out of the cell.  One of their most important jobs is breaking down chemicals, that the cell membrane takes inside.  Proteins and carbohydrates are linked together in your intestines then they are taken into your cells.   In order for your cells to use them, they need to be broken even smaller, so the cell can rebuild them to meet a specific need.  This allows the cell to get rid of things it does not need and build the things it does.  Every cell has hundreds of lysosomes, just to guard each cell.
The Golgi body keeps a supply of chemicals, like proteins and fats, that the cell makes, and when protein or fat is needed, in another part of the cell, the Golgi body wraps it up and sends it to where it is needed.  Endoplasmic and reticulum or known as ER transports things around the cell.  It also takes chemicals that were packaged the Golgi bodies and delivers them to where they are needed.  It also sends waste to where it needs to go so it can leave the cell, each cell has more ER than Golgi body.
Cells can reproduce or they can copy themselves, an adult has a lot more cells then a child does.  As you grow up your body makes a lot more cells, so you get bigger and stronger, plus if you break a bone cells die where the bone is broken.  Your body must repair the damage, and part of the repair job involves replacing the cells that died with the new cells.  Centrioles are special organelles that help cells reproduce, they look like two pieces of pasta that form a ”L” shape.  These centrioles, would be the mother of the cell, since they help the cell make more of itself.  The Nucleus government is the control center of your cells, the Nucleus is larger than any other organelle in the cell.  Its usually in a big round ball, and is sometimes located in the middle of your cell, on the outside of the Nucleus is a thick membrane called the nuclear membrane it gives the nucleus its form. The nuclear membrane is porous, which means it has holes to let the substance out.
We need cells to survive and to grow stronger and bigger, that is why God gave them to us.  Scientist continue to discover more about the human body and more about cells every day.  The more they learn about the amazing cell that God has made and the purpose of a cell, the less anyone can deny God divine pan for us all.

References:
Stedman’s Concise Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions Editor: John H. Dirck, MD
The Merck Manual of Medical Information Editor: Robert Berkow
Exploring Creation With Human Anatomy and Phsiology: Jeannie Fulbright Brooke Ryan, M.D.

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Dominica E.

Age: 15 Grade: 10 Hobbies: cooking, piano, basketball, singing, painting, and writing Patron/Favorite saints: Saint Therese, Saint Cecilia, Saint Dominic, and Saint Anthony Favorite school subjects: writing, reading, and English Other: I love babies! I love to squish them! I have a puppy and her name is Nala. I enjoy having kitchen duty. I love spending time with Jesus in Eucharistic adoration.